U+2052 · Math symbol
Commercial Minus Sign Symbol ⁒
⁒ is commercial minus sign, U+2052. Unicode also records it as “abzüglich (German)”. It was added in Unicode 3.2, and Unicode files it under Math symbol.
Also known as
- abzüglich (German)
- med avdrag av (Swedish)
- piska (Swedish
- "whip")
What Unicode says about ⁒
a common glyph variant and fallback representation looks like ./.
may also be used as a dingbat to indicate correctness
used in Finno-Ugric Phonetic Alphabet to indicate a related borrowed form with different sound
— annotation from the Unicode Standard, NamesList.txt
Codes & technical data
| Unicode | U+2052 | |
|---|---|---|
| HTML hex | ⁒ | |
| HTML decimal | ⁒ | |
| CSS | \2052 | |
| JavaScript | \u{2052} | |
| Python | \U00002052 | |
| Java / C# | \u2052 | |
| Rust | \u{2052} | |
| Swift | \u{2052} | |
| PHP | \u{2052} | |
| URL encoded | %E2%81%92 | |
| UTF-8 bytes | E2 81 92 | |
| UTF-16 bytes | 2052 | |
| Base64 | 4oGS | |
| Decimal | 8274 | |
| Category | Math symbol (Sm) | |
| Introduced | Unicode 3.2 | |
Will ⁒ survive being pasted?
- Normalisation. Yes. ⁒ is unchanged by NFKC, so it survives normalising systems intact.
- Legacy encodings. ⁒ is Unicode-only — it has no Latin-1 equivalent, so a system stuck on an 8-bit encoding cannot represent it.
- Size. 3 bytes in UTF-8. Character-limited fields — SMS, bios, some form validators — usually count bytes, not characters.
Unicode cross-references
The standard points readers of ⁒ at these characters — usually because they look alike, or because one is the correct choice where the other is often used by mistake.
Other minus characters
Unicode names 11 characters ending in “minus”. They differ by direction, weight or decoration rather than by meaning.
Nearby in General Punctuation
The typographic marks that word processors quietly substitute for their ASCII lookalikes — real quotation marks, en and em dashes, the ellipsis. It also holds the invisible characters: zero-width spaces, joiners and directional marks that do work without drawing anything.
How to type ⁒
| Windows | Type 2052 then press Alt+X |
|---|---|
| macOS | Press Ctrl+Cmd+Space, then search for “commercial minus sign” |
| Linux | Press Ctrl+Shift+U, type 2052, press Enter |
| HTML | ⁒ |
About Unicode’s Math symbol category
Unicode classifies this as a mathematical symbol, which means software that lays out formulas treats it as an operator or relation and gives it spacing accordingly, rather than setting it tight against its neighbours like a letter.
Frequently asked questions
- How do I type the ⁒ commercial minus sign symbol?
- On Windows, type 2052 and press Alt+X. On Linux press Ctrl+Shift+U then 2052. On any system the quickest route is the copy button on this page.
- What is the code for ⁒?
- Commercial Minus Sign is U+2052. In UTF-8 it takes 3 bytes. The table above lists every escape format.
- What kind of character is ⁒?
- Commercial Minus Sign is filed under Math symbol in the General Punctuation block, and was introduced in Unicode 3.2. Unicode classifies this as a mathematical symbol, which means software that lays out formulas treats it as an operator or relation and gives it spacing accordingly, rather than setting it tight against its neighbours like a letter.